(Redirected from Radio ballads)
Jump to: navigation, search
The radio-ballad is an audio documentary format created by Ewan MacColl, Peggy Seeger, and Charles Parker in 1958. It combines four elements of sound: songs, instrumental music, sound effects, and, most importantly, the recorded voices of those who are the subjects of the documentary. The latter element was revolutionary; previous radio documentaries had used either professional voice actors or prepared scripts.
Contents
1Original Radio Ballads
2Transmission Dates
32006 Radio Ballads
4References
5External links
Original Radio Ballads
The radio-ballads were originally recorded for the BBC. MacColl wrote a variety of songs especially for them, many of which have become folk classics. The trio together made eight radio-ballads between 1958 and 1964. They were: The Ballad of John Axon (1958), about an engine driver who died trying to stop a runaway freight train, Song of a Road (1959), about the men who built the London-Yorkshire motorway, the M1, Singing the Fishing (1960), about the men and women of the herring fishing fleets of East Anglia and Northeast Scotland, The Big Hewer (1961), about the miners of the Northumberland, Durham, South Wales and East Midlands coalfields, The Body Blow (1962), about people suffering from polio, On the Edge (1963), about teenagers in Britain, The Fight Game (1963), about boxers, and The Travelling People (1964), about the nomadic peoples of Britain.
All eight radio-ballads were released on LP, by Argo Records, and later on CD. They are also available via Listen Again on the BBC Radio 2 website.
A book about the making of the Radio Ballads was published on the fiftieth anniversary of the first broadcast of John Axon. Set into Song: Ewan MacColl, Charles Parker and the Radio Ballads was written and researched by Peter Cox, published by Labatie Books ISBN 978-095518771-1 and has an extensive website which carries the first two pages of each chapter, the complete transcripts and cast lists for each programme, bibliography, footnotes and reviews.
In 2006, BBC Radio 2 broadcast six new Radio Ballads using the same format, with musical direction by John Tams, and contributions from Karine Polwart, Jez Lowe and Cara Dillon among others.
The following ballads were broadcast between February and April 2006: The Song of Steel on the decline of the Sheffield and Rotherham Steel Industry (27 February); The Enemy That Lives Within, on HIV/AIDS (6 March); The Horn of the Hunter, on Foxhunting (13 March); Swings and Roundabouts, on Travellers who run fairgrounds (20 March) Thirty Years of Conflict; on the sectarian conflict in Northern Ireland (27 March); and The Ballad of the Big Ships, on the shipyards of the Tyne and the Clyde, (3 April).
All were later released on CD, and a separate CD was also released containing a selection of the songs drawn from across the series.
References
^“BBC Radio Ballads online page”. http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio2/radioballads/original/orig_history.shtml.
External links
The original Radio Ballads on BBC Radio 2 website
Listen again to 2006 Radio Ballads on BBC Radio 2 website
Musical Traditions article on The Ballad of John Axon
Set into Song : Ewan MacColl, Charles Parker and the Radio Ballads
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-ballad”
Categories: Radio formats | Folk music | British music
Views
Article
Discussion
Edit this page
History
Personal tools
Try Beta
Log in / create account
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Interaction
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact Wikipedia
Donate to Wikipedia
Help
Toolbox
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Printable version
Permanent link
Cite this page
This page was last modified on 12 February 2010 at 13:20.
This article does not cite any references or sources.
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2009)
Other countries · Atlas Politics portal view•talk•edit
French legislative elections took place on 14 June and 21 June 1981 to elect the 7th National Assembly of the Fifth Republic.
On 10 May 1981 François Mitterrand was elected President of France. He became the first Socialist to win this post under universal suffrage. It was also the first occasion of alternance (between the right and the left) in government during the Fifth Republic.
The new head of state nominated Pierre Mauroy to lead a Socialist cabinet. Then, he dissolved the National Assembly so that he could rely on a parliamentary majority. Indeed, the left had lost the 1978 legislative election and the full term of the National Assembly would have expired in 1983.
Knocked out after its defeat in the recent presidential election, the right campaigned against the concentration of the powers and the possible nomination of Communist ministers. Yet, it suffered from the economic crisis, the will for change amongst the electorate, and the rivalry between the RPR leader Jacques Chirac and the previous President UDF Valéry Giscard d’Estaing. The formation of the Union for a New Majority appeared as a false reconciliation and so, had not convinced voters. Furthermore, as the French Communist Party (PCF) had been declining, and was no longer the dominant party of the Left, it did not seem to be a real danger.
The Communist leaders were very disappointed by the result of their candidate, Georges Marchais, in the presidential election, and very worried by the legislative elections. During the presidential campaign, the PCF had denounced the “turn towards the right” of the Socialist Party, in vain. It understood that Mitterrand was ready to win his bet, expressed in the 1972 Congress of the Socialist International, to capture 3 of the 5 millions of PCF voters. Perceiving the great hope of the left-wing voters after Mitterrand’s election, Marchais signed a “contract of government” with the First Secretary of the PS Lionel Jospin.
The Socialists achieved the biggest electoral success of their history. This result marked the triumph of Mitterrand’s strategy. Like the Gaullist UDR in 1968, the PS obtained an absolute parliamentary majority. The Communist decline noted at the presidential election was confirmed. The PCF obtained its poorest result since 1936 and lost the half of its MPs, most of them to the PS. However, four Communists became members of Pierre Mauroy’s government. This was the first PCF governmental participation since 1947. The two right-wing parliamentary parties lost the half of their seats too. This result earned the nickname “the pink wave” from the press.
Results
e • d
Parties and coalitions
1st round
2nd round
Total seats
Votes
%
Votes
%
Socialist Party (Parti socialiste) including the Movement of Left Radicals (Mouvement des radicaux de gauche)
PS
9,432,362
37.52
9,198,332
49.25
283 (14 MRG)
French Communist Party (Parti communiste français)
PCF
4,065,540
16.17
1,303,587
6.98
44
Miscellaneous Left
DVG
183,010
0.73
97,066
0.52
6
Total “Presidential Majority” (Left)
13,680,912
54.42
10,598,985
56.75
333
Rally for the Republic (Rassemblement pour la République)
RPR
5,231,269
20.81
4,174,302
22.35
85
Union for French Democracy ( union pour la démocratie française)
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_legislative_election,_1981″
Categories: Elections in France | 1981 elections in France | 1981 in FranceHidden categories: Articles lacking sources from December 2009 | All articles lacking sources
Views
Article
Discussion
Edit this page
History
Personal tools
Try Beta
Log in / create account
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Interaction
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact Wikipedia
Donate to Wikipedia
Help
Toolbox
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Printable version
Permanent link
Cite this page
Languages
Català
Français
Italiano
???????
This page was last modified on 16 February 2010 at 09:22.
The Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, is affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and is a member of the Washington Theological Consortium.
The Lutheran Theological Seminary is America’s oldest Lutheran Seminary. As early as 1818, the Pennsylvania Ministerium named a committee of Rev. John George Schmucher, D.D., Conrad Jaeger and H. A. Muhlenberg to plan a seminary for the reformed branch of Protestantism. However, the institution was actually founded in 1826 by Samuel Simon Schmucker, a leading Pennsylvania anti-slavery advocate and the son of former committee member, Rev. John George Schmucher, D.D. The younger Rev. Samuel Simon Schmucker became its first professor.
Born on February 28, 1799, Schmucker received his theological training at Princeton Seminary, one of the few theological schools at the time. This young professor, was, at this point in his life, the best educated and likely the most influential Lutheran leader in America. When compared to others of his day, Rev. Schmucker stood out among his peers as an outspoken advocate for unity among American Christian traditions. The younger Schmucker had most recently served a pastorate in Shenandoah County, Virginia.
The seminary gives its name to the geographical feature, Seminary Ridge, which was the site of fierce fighting on the first day of the Battle of Gettysburg, July 1, 1863. The building, as well as adjacent homes of the professors, was used for weeks after the battle as a temporary field hospital before its last patients were moved to the Camp Letterman military hospital. The building now houses the Adams County Historical Society while they build a new structure north of Gettysburg.
Since the Civil War, the Seminary has substantially increased in size, and over a dozen buildings were erected after the war. Scattered throughout the grounds of the Seminary are markers related to the battles, as well as several artillery pieces that approximate the location of several batteries.
References
^Member Institutions of the Washington Theological Consortium (Washington Theological Consortium) http://www.washtheocon.org/members.html
^Pioneer in Christian Unity–Samuel Simon Schmucker (by Abdel Ross Wentz. Philadelphia: Fortress. 1967)
^The Battle of Gettysburg (The Lutheran Theological Seminary) http://www.brotherswar.com/Gettysburg-1f.htm
^History and Heritage (Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg) http://www.ltsg.edu/about/history.htm
Further reading
Wentz, Abdel Ross History of the Gettysburg Theological Seminary of the General Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the United States and of the United Lutheran Church in America, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. 1826—1926 (The United Lutheran Publication House. 1926)
External links
Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg website
v•d•e
Seminaries of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America
Luther Seminary • Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago • Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg • Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia • Lutheran Theological Southern Seminary • Pacific Lutheran Theological Seminary • Trinity Lutheran Seminary • Wartburg Theological Seminary
v•d•e
Washington Theological Consortium
Members
Capital Bible Seminary · Catholic University of America School of Theology and Religious Studies · Howard University School of Divinity · John Leland Center for Theological Studies ·Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg · Pontifical Faculty of the Immaculate Conception at the Dominican House of Studies · Reformed Theological Seminary · Samuel Dewitt Proctor School of Theology at Virginia Union University · Virginia Theological Seminary · Washington Theological Union · Wesley Theological Seminary
Associate Members
St. Paul’s College · Shalem Institute for Spiritual Formation · Woodstock Theological Center · Washington National Cathedral
Affiliate Members
Cordoba University Graduate School of Islamic and Social Sciences · InterFaith Conference of Metropolitan Washington
v•d•e
Gettysburg Campaign
Battles
Brandy Station ·Second Winchester ·Aldie ·Middleburg ·Upperville ·Sporting Hill ·Hanover ·Carlisle ·Gettysburg (Confederate /Union orders of battle) ·Hunterstown ·Fairfield ·Monterey Pass ·Williamsport ·Boonsboro ·Funkstown ·Manassas Gap
Actions during the
Battle of Gettysburg
First Day ·Second Day ·Third Day cavalry battles ·Big Round Top ·Cemetery Hill ·Culp’s Hill ·Devil’s Den ·Little Round Top ·Peach Orchard ·Pickett’s Charge ·Retreat ·Wheatfield ·High-water mark
Major Confederate
leaders
Robert E. Lee·E. Porter Alexander ·Richard H. Anderson ·Jubal A. Early ·Richard S. Ewell ·Henry Heth ·A.P. Hill ·John B. Hood ·Allegheny Johnson ·James Longstreet ·Lafayette McLaws ·W. Dorsey Pender ·J. Johnston Pettigrew ·George E. Pickett ·Robert E. Rodes ·J.E.B. Stuart ·Isaac R. Trimble
Major Union leaders
George G. Meade·John Buford ·Joshua L. Chamberlain ·George A. Custer ·Abner Doubleday ·John Gibbon ·George S. Greene ·Winfield S. Hancock ·Joseph Hooker ·Oliver O. Howard ·Henry J. Hunt ·Alfred Pleasonton ·John F. Reynolds ·John Sedgwick ·Daniel E. Sickles ·Henry W. Slocum ·George Sykes ·Gouverneur K. Warren
Army of the Potomac
I Corps ·II Corps ·III Corps ·V Corps ·VI Corps ·XI Corps ·XII Corps ·Iron Brigade ·1st Minnesota ·20th Maine
Army of N. Virginia
First Corps ·Second Corps ·Third Corps ·Cavalry Corps
American Civil War ·Department of the Monongahela ·Department of the Susquehanna ·Gettysburg Address ·Gettysburg National Cemetery ·Cemetery Ridge ·Seminary Ridge
Gettysburg textbooks from Wikibooks ·Gettysburg news stories from Wikinews ·Gettysburg images and media from Commons
v•d•e
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Keeper of the Register · History of the National Register of Historic Places · Property types · Historic district · Contributing property
List of entries
National Park Service · National Historic Landmarks · National Battlefields · National Historic Sites · National Historical Parks · National Memorials · National Monuments
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutheran_Theological_Seminary_at_Gettysburg”
Categories: Educational institutions established in 1826 | Gettysburg, Pennsylvania | Adams County, Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania in the American Civil War | National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania | Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools
Views
Article
Discussion
Edit this page
History
Personal tools
Try Beta
Log in / create account
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Interaction
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact Wikipedia
Donate to Wikipedia
Help
Toolbox
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Printable version
Permanent link
Cite this page
This page was last modified on 23 December 2009 at 05:07.
Website
Blackmore, Hook End and Wyatts Green Parish Council
Blackmore, Hook End and Wyatts Green is a civil parish in the Brentwood borough of Essex, England. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 3,082.
The parish includes the village of Blackmore, along with the hamlets of Hook End and Wyatts Green.
This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations where appropriate. (June 2008)
Andrzej Kostenko (b. June 24, 1936, ?ód?, Poland) is a screenwriter, film director, actor, and cinematographer. He is known for his collaborations with Roman Pola?ski including some of Polanski’s short films.
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrzej_Kostenko”
Categories: 1936 births | Living people | Polish actors | Polish film directorsHidden categories: Articles lacking in-text citations from June 2008 | All articles lacking in-text citations
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve the article or discuss these issues on the talk page.
It is missing citations or footnotes. Please help improve it by adding inline citations. Tagged since October 2007.
It may contain original research or unverifiable claims. Tagged since December 2007.
Its tone or style may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. Tagged since September 2009.
It may require generalcleanup to meet Wikipedia’s quality standards. Tagged since September 2009.
Workplace violence refers to violence that originates from employees or employers and threatens employers and/or other employees.
Contents
1Definition
2Why do people actually resort to violence?
3Types of workplace violence
3.1Criminal violence
3.2Service user violence
3.3Worker–on-worker violence
3.4Domestic violence
4Workplace violence and aggression
4.1Why should I undertake risk assessments?
4.2What exactly is a risk assessment?
5High-risk workplaces
6Occupational groups at higher risk from workplace violence
7Dealing with disgruntled employees
8Preventative maintenance
9See also
10References
11External links
Definition
The definition of work related violence that has received pan-European acceptance is as follows:
“incidents where people are abused, threatened or assaulted in circumstances relating to their work, involving an explicit or implicit challenge to their safety, well-being or health”.
This can involve violence resulting from industrial disputes, although this is not a major factor in most incidents.
This definition establishes violence as a behaviour with the potential to cause harm. Broadly speaking there are three forms:
Aggravated physical violence (use of weapons, e.g. guns, knives, syringes, pieces of furniture, bottles, glasses, etc)
Violence in all its forms is a concern for staff and management alike. For employers, violence can lead to poor morale and a poor image for the organisation, making it difficult to recruit and keep staff. It can also mean extra costs, such as those associated with absenteeism, higher insurance premiums and legal fees, fines and compensation payments where negligence is proven.
For employees, violence can cause pain, distress and even disability or death. Physical attacks are obviously dangerous but serious or persistent verbal abuse or threats can also damage employees’ health through anxiety or stress. Peter Vajda identifies workplace gossip as a form of workplace violence, noting that it is “essentially a form of attack.”
Why do people actually resort to violence?
Violence is an example of what is termed ‘functional’ behaviour. That which can be used by an individual to get what they want, or to provide them with some tangible benefit. They may want faster or better service, they may desire attention or alternatively to be left alone or scare people off. They may wish to acquire cash, drugs or other goods that don’t belong to them. They may crave the excitement or notoriety, or it may be the only way they can express themselves or influence others.
Types of workplace violence
By understanding the cause of the violence we will be better able to eliminate, reduce or manage the risk of it occurring. There are four main types of work related violence:
Criminal violence
Violence perpetrated by individuals who have no relationship with the organisation or victim. Normally their aim is to access cash, stock, drugs, or perform some other criminal or unlawful act.
Service user violence
Violence perpetrated by individuals who are recipients of a service provided in the workplace or by the victim. This often arises through frustration with service delivery or some other by-product of the organisations core business activities.
Worker–on-worker violence
Violence perpetrated by individuals working within the organisation; colleagues, supervisors, managers etc. This is often linked to protests against enforced redundancies, grudges against specific members of staff, or in response to disciplinary action that the individual perceives as being unjust.
Domestic violence
Violence perpetrated by individuals, outside of the organization, but who have a relationship with an employee e.g. partner, spouses or acquaintances. This is often perpetrated within the work setting, simply because the offender knows where a given individual is during the course of a working day.
Workplace violence and aggression
Buss (1961) identified eight types of aggression:
Verbal-passive-indirect (failure to deny false rumors about target, failure to provide information needed by target)
Verbal-passive-direct (”silent treatment”, failure to return communication, i.e. phone calls, e-mails)
Verbal-active-indirect (spreading false rumors, belittling ideas or work)
Physical-passive-indirect (causing others to create a delay for the target)
Physical-passive-direct (reducing target’s ability to contribute, i.e. scheduling them to present at the end of the day where less people will be attending)
Physical-active-indirect (theft, destruction of property, unnecessary consumption of resources needed by the target)
Physical-active-direct (physical attack, nonverbal, vulgar gestures directed at the target)
In a study performed by Baron and Neuman (1996), researchers found pay cuts and pay freezes, use of part time employees, change in management, increased diversity, computer monitoring of employee performance, reengineering, and budget cuts were all significantly linked to increased workplace aggression. The study also showed a substantial amount of evidence linking unpleasant physical conditions (high temperature, poor lighting) and high negative affect, which facilitates workplace aggression.
Why should I undertake risk assessments?
The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Please improve this article and discuss the issue on the talk page. (September 2009)
In the United Kingdom there is a legal obligation to complete risk assessments. Regulation 3 of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 states that, “every employer shall make a suitable and sufficient assessment of:
The risks to the health and safety of his (or her) employees to which they are exposed whilst they are at work; and
The risks to the health and safety of persons not in his employment arising out of or in connection with the conduct of him or his undertaking”.
Regulation 4 then obliges the employer to apply a hierarchy of risk controls.
In other countries, occupational health laws are also in place and commonly compel employers to take a similar approach to providing a safe and healthy place of work.
In addition to completing assessments in order to satisfy your legal requirements, you may want to consider their practical value:
They can be instrumental in reducing the number of ‘safety critical’ incidents that occur
They underpin a process that creates a safe, secure and welcoming environment, which is likely to enhance corporate image as well as customer confidence and loyalty
They ensure time and resources, including expenditure, are targeted efficiently and effectively
What exactly is a risk assessment?
Risk assessment can be described as the ‘systematic examination of work activities to determine if there are any ‘hazards’ that are likely to expose workers to the threat of harm or injury’.
A ‘hazard’ can be described as anything with the potential to cause harm; including people, objects and situations.
Any risk assessment must identify:
The nature of the hazard and potential for harm
The factors that increase the likelihood of staff exposure to the hazard
The measures necessary to eliminate, reduce or manage the risk of exposure to the named hazard
High-risk workplaces
The following elements are commonly found in workplaces with the highest recorded incidence of workplace violence:
Sexual harassment
Verbal abuse
Minimum-wage payrolls
Discrimination
Workplace bullying
Poor or dangerous working conditions
Lack of job security.
Physical attacks (i.e. hitting, shoving)
Threatening behaviour (shaking fists, destroying property or throwing things)
Occupational groups at higher risk from workplace violence
The Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety lists the following higher risk occupations .
health care employees
correctional officers
social services employees
teachers
municipal housing inspectors
public works employees
retail employees
Dealing with disgruntled employees
When an employee is angry with an organization, organizational policies, or coworkers, it is important for the issue to be taken seriously before the issue escalates into aggression or violence. Workplace aggressors and those who are likely to commit an act of violence are more than likely to verbalize their frustrations, so personnel should be trained to recognize these cues and apt to deal with them. The following are tactics to use when dealing with an angry employee:
Maintain eye contact
Give the employee full attention. Stop what you were doing and show that you are taking the conversation seriously.
Speak and move calmly and slowly.
Sit, and encourage the employee to sit also. Arrange seating you so are situated closest to the door.
Try to create a relaxed environment.
Be aware of cultural differences. Don’t make assumptions based on your own background. Be aware of personal space and appropriate eye contact.
Encourage the employee to tell you why they are upset.
Do not interrupt. If you do not understand, ask them to clarify.
Acknowledge the employee’s feelings.
Ask for specific examples.
If their complaint is valid, accept responsibility and criticism.
Try to define the true problem.
Ask open-ended questions.
Be open and honest.
Encourage the employee that you will investigate the problem and search for a solution. Assure them that you will be following up with them as soon as possible. Thank them for bringing the problem to your attention.
.
Preventative maintenance
The Employee Assistance Program (EAP), a program originally designated to assist persons with addiction problems, and later offered family, marital, and financial counseling, now offers assistance in reducing workplace violence. The EAP, through counseling and consultation, aids in increasing employee productivity, efficiency, and morale in the workplace, which in turn decreases employee turnover and absenteeism. The EAP has designed a general program for diffusing workplace anger and violence. The elements of the program are:
Diagnosis. An employee of an organization asks for assistance and the EAP staff attempts to diagnose the problem.
Treatment. Counseling or therapy is provided. If the EAP is unable to assist the employee, the employee may be referred to the appropriate professional outside of the organization.
Screening. Periodic screening and examinations of employees, especially of those in highly stressful positions, to detect warning signs of violence or aggression.
Prevention. Employers use education and persuasion to communicate to employees with high risk levels that there must be alternative solutions to dealing and coping with stress.
.
See also
Industrial espionage
Workplace conflict
References
^Workplace Violence and Workplace Aggression: Evidence and Their Relative Frequency and Potential Causes., http://web.ebscohost.com.libdatabase.newpaltz.edu/ehost/pdf?vid=3&hid=109&sid=ce1e3544-f00b-4952-92e9-a990531bbeee%40sessionmgr102, retrieved February 24, 2009
^Violence in the Workplace, http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/psychosocial/violence.html#_1_3, retrieved May 8, 2008
^Violence in the Workplace: Guidance and Training Advice for Business Owners and Managers., http://ejscontent.ebsco.com.libdatabase.newpaltz.edu/ContentServer.aspx?target=http%3A%2F%2Fwww3%2Einterscience%2Ewiley%2Ecom%2Fresolve%2Fdoi%2Fpdf%3FDOI%3D10%2E1046%2Fj%2E0045%2D3609%2E2003%2E00177%2Ex, retrieved February 24, 2009
^The Workplace: A Battleground for Violence., http://web.ebscohost.com.libdatabase.newpaltz.edu/ehost/pdf?vid=3&hid=106&sid=a0631b34-57dc-42ca-b8d6-b9a94fce8081%40sessionmgr104, retrieved February 24, 2009
External links
Workplace Violence News & Resources
Federal Bureau of InvestigationPDF (6.08 MiB)
Half of Large Employers Had Workplace Violence Incident in Last Year
Workplace Violence Q&A - CCOHS
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workplace_violence”
Categories: Violence | Occupational safety and healthHidden categories: Articles with unsourced statements from October 2007 | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles that may contain original research from December 2007 | Wikipedia articles needing style editing from September 2009 | All articles needing style editing | Articles needing cleanup from September 2009 | All pages needing cleanup | Articles with unsourced statements from September 2009 | Articles with limited geographic scope | Wikipedia articles needing clarification from September 2009
Views
Article
Discussion
Edit this page
History
Personal tools
Try Beta
Log in / create account
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Interaction
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact Wikipedia
Donate to Wikipedia
Help
Toolbox
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Printable version
Permanent link
Cite this page
Languages
Türkçe
This page was last modified on 15 December 2009 at 14:44.
The Tropical Mockingbird, Mimus gilvus, is a resident breeding bird from southern Mexico south to northern Brazil, and in the Lesser Antilles and other Caribbean islands. The birds in Panama and Trinidad may have been introduced. The Northern Mockingbird (M. polyglottos) is its closest living relative, but the critically endangered Socorro Mockingbird (M. graysoni) is also much closer to these two than previously believed .
Adults are 25 cm long and weigh 54g. They are grey on the head and upper parts with yellow eyes, a white eye stripe and dark patch through the eye. The underparts are off-white and the wings are blackish with two white wing bars and white edges to the flight feathers. They have a long dark tail with white feather tips, a slim black bill with a slight downward curve, and long dark legs.
The sexes are alike, but immature birds are duller and browner. M. g. tobagensis, found only on Trinidad and Tobago, has darker grey upper parts and more extensive white on the wing coverts and tail than the mainland forms.
This bird has a varied and musical song, huskier than that of Northern Mockingbird, and may imitate the songs of neighbouring Tropical Mockingbirds, but rarely those of other birds. It will sometimes sing through the night.
This mockingbird is common in most open habitats including human habitation. Tropical Mockingbirds forage on the ground or in vegetation or fly down from a perch to capture invertebrates. They mainly eat insects and some berries. These fearless birds will also take food off unattended plates or tables. While foraging they will frequently spread their wings in a peculiar two-step motion, flashing the white wing linings, and then fold them again.
It builds a twig nest and the normal clutch is three greyish-green eggs. Incubation, by the female alone, is 13–15 days, with slightly longer again to fledging. This bird aggressively defends its nest against other birds and animals, including large iguanas, dogs and mongooses.
Footnotes
^ Hunt et al. (2001), Barber et al. (2004)
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Mimus gilvus
Barber, Brian R.; Martínez-Gómez, Juan E. & Peterson, A. Townsend (2004): Systematic position of the Socorro mockingbird Mimodes graysoni. J. Avian Biol.35: 195-198. doi:10.1111/j.0908-8857.2004.03233.x (HTML abstract)
BirdLife International (BLI) (2008). Mimus gilvus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 29 December 2008.
Hunt, Jeffrey S.; Bermingham, Eldredge; & Ricklefs, Robert E. (2001): Molecular systematics and biogeography of Antillean thrashers, tremblers, and mockingbirds (Aves: Mimidae). Auk118(1): 35–55. DOI:10.1642/0004-8038(2001)1182.0.CO;2 HTML fulltext without images
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_Mockingbird”
Categories: IUCN Red List least concern species | Mimus | Mockingbirds | Birds of Central America | Birds of Mexico | Birds of the Caribbean | Birds of the Lesser Antilles | Birds of Colombia | Birds of Venezuela
Views
Article
Discussion
Edit this page
History
Personal tools
Try Beta
Log in / create account
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Interaction
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact Wikipedia
Donate to Wikipedia
Help
Toolbox
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Printable version
Permanent link
Cite this page
Languages
Esperanto
Français
Nederlands
Português
This page was last modified on 9 October 2009 at 18:44.
html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”>
Music City Queen
Jump to: navigation, search
The Music City Queen at Opry Mills.
The Music City Queen is a replica showboat operating for entertainment purposes on the Cumberland River in the southern United States. It is the smaller of two stern-wheel paddle steamers based at Opry Mills in Nashville, Tennessee; the other is the General Jackson.
This article about a specific civilian ship or boat is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v•d•e
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_City_Queen”
Categories: Economy of Nashville, Tennessee | Transportation in Nashville, Tennessee | Paddle steamers of the United States | Merchant ships of the United States | Individual ship or boat stubsHidden categories: Articles lacking sources from December 2009 | All articles lacking sources
This article needs additional citations for verification.
Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2007)
This article may not meet the general notability guideline. Please help to establish notability by adding reliable, secondary sources about the topic. If notability cannot be established, the article is likely to be merged, redirected, or deleted. (May 2009)
Auckland Animal Action
Auckland Animal Action (AAA) was formed in August 1996 by a small group of people seeing the need for a grassroots activist group that promoted direct action against all forms of animal abuse. Since then, AAA has run campaigns against all forms of animal abuse, most notably the Fur Free Auckland campaign.
Contents
1Factory Farming
2Civil Disobedience
3Possum Fur Campaign
4References
5External links
Factory Farming
AAA has also been active against factory farming. Actions have included investigations into alleged factory farms, protests outside these farms and campaigns against companies, including Tegel Foods Limited.
AAA also promotes and organises the media coverage for investigations carried out by underground groups. In January 2007 AAA received nation wide media coverage for an investigation and release of animals carried out by the Animal Liberation Front.
Civil Disobedience
AAA was the first animal liberation group in NZ to start using civil disobedience (CD) in campaigning against what they believe is animal suffering and abuse. In 2003 AAA used Civil Disobedience in their campaign against Harpers Fashion’s sale of fur products. Members of AAA chained themselves to the door of the Hartley’s store in High Street.
Possum Fur Campaign
AAA oppose possum fur marketed as eco-friendly. This policy was accompanied by protests at the 2005 New Zealand Fashion Week. Rochelle Rees from AAA believes: “…the promotion of possum fur would lead to an unsustainable demand, as it had with rabbits and foxes.” In 2005 Auckland Animal Action launched a campaign against possum fur.
Criticism of AAA’s anti-possum fur policy comes from David Farrar who says, “I see the Auckland Animal Action Group justify their opposition to use of possum fur, because “to wear a dead animal’s skin is disrespectful to the animal”. Well killing our trees is disrespectful also, and the possums started it!”
References
^ Chicken farm conditions “shocking”, One News, 13 January 2007, tvnz.co.nz. Retrieved on 5 July 2009.
^ Fur set to fly as designers targeted, 15 October 2005, The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved on 5 July 2009.
External links
An AAA Site
AAA main site
Newmarket Terrorists Article
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auckland_Animal_Action”
Categories: Organisations based in Auckland | Animal rights movementHidden categories: Articles needing additional references from July 2007 | All articles needing additional references | Articles with topics of unclear notability from May 2009 | All articles with topics of unclear notability | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from May 2009 | All articles with dead external links | Articles with dead external links from July 2009
Views
Article
Discussion
Edit this page
History
Personal tools
Try Beta
Log in / create account
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Interaction
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact Wikipedia
Donate to Wikipedia
Help
Toolbox
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Printable version
Permanent link
Cite this page
This page was last modified on 12 January 2010 at 08:04.
Pool’s Island is an incorporated community of Badger’s Quay-Valleyfield-Pool’s Island in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
Contents
1History
1.1Church history
1.2Education
1.3Seal fishery
1.4Census information
1.5Directories
2Facts
3References
4External links
History
Pool’s Island was named Fool’s Island up until the 1850s. It was visited in the late 1700s by migratory fishermen but permanent settlement did not begin until about 1800 by seal fishermen and inshore cod fishermen. The first known resident was Anne Jeans, recorded in 1815. By 1821, a sealing captain from Greenspond, William Knee, was living on Pool’s Island, and in 1823, a Jacob Preston was there. Other family names that came to Pool’s Island were Kean, Ayles, Pope, Dalton, and Davis; many of these settlers came from Flowers Island. There was a rapid increase in population between 1845 and 1869 when the population grew from 177 to 524, mainly because of the Labrador seal hunt and Pool’s Island was in the path of the harp seal migration route. The growth of Pool’s Island eventually led to the growth of communities surrounding it, such as Valleyfield and Badger’s Quay.
Church history
In 1836, nine people out of the 112 on Pool’s Island were Roman Catholic, the rest were Church of England. By 1845 there was a Roman Catholic school and church on the island. There was no resident minister in Pool’s Island so Missionaries from other communities would visit Pool’s Island for services, baptisms, burials, and marriages. In 1865 the St. James Anglican Church was built on Pool’s Island and was consecrated on September 24, 1865 by Bishop Edward Feild.
Education
As early as 1830 children were being educated on Pool’s Island, a building on the island was used as a school until the first school was built in 1862. In 1841 there were 30 students under John Spurrell, and in 1848 there were 48 students. The next teacher was William Murch from England who taught from 1858 to 1873. A new school room was built on Pool’s Island in 1883. In 1895 C.W. Prowse wrote in his history of Newfoundland that the branch school at Pool’s Island was established in 1829 and was being run by a branch teacher with 20 pupils in day school and 27 in Sunday school.
Seal fishery
The seal fishery played an enormous role in the permanent settlemen and growth of Pool’s Island. Because of its prime location for the seal fishery many captains and steamers operated out of Pool’s Island. Chafe’s Sealing Book lists several steamers from Pool’s Island that were a part of the St. John’s steam sealing fleet from 1863 to 1894. These ships, their master, and the supplier are as follows:
Steamer
Master
Supplier
Wolf
William Kean
Walter Grieve & Co.
Greenland
B. Kean
Nicholas Stabb
Kite
W. Knee
Bowring Brothers
MicMac
S. Bartlett
Baine Johston & Co.
Nimrod
B. Crocker
Job Brothers & Co.
Wolf II 2nd
A. Kean
Newfoundland S.S. & W.F. Co.
Chafe’s book also lists a ship that sailed from Pool’s Island that was a part of the Harbour Grace steam sealing fleet and that was the Mastiff mastered by Isaac Mercer, and supplied by John Munn & Co.
Naboth Winsor’s Stalwart Men and Sturdy Ships provides ample detail about the seal fishery in Bonavista Bay North, which includes Pool’s Island. In one of Winsor’s charts, Pool’s Island is listed as having 38 seal nets in 1845, 57 in 1857, and 18 in 1869. Also, in 1857 Pool’s Island had 9 large boats suitable for the seal fishery.
- Lovell’s Directory for 1871 describes Pool’s Island as an island on the north side of Bonavista Bay with a good harbour, distant from Greenspond 3 miles by boat with a population of 524. The names listed are:
Abbot, John - Fisherman
Abbot, Stephen - Fisherman
Atwood, Thomas - Planter
Ayles, Charles - Fisherman
Barefoot, George - Fisherman
Barefoot, William - Fisherman
Brown, Robert - Fisherman
Brown, Samuel - Fisherman
Brown, Thomas - Planter
Brown, William - Fisherman
Dalton, John - Fisherman
Dalton, William - Fisherman
Davis, Isaac - Fisherman
Davis, Job - Planter
Dick, Samuel - Fisherman
Dick, Edward - Fisherman
Dick, George - Planter
Feltham, William - Fisherman
Gillingham, Thomas - Fisherman
Hallett, Reuben - Fisherman
Hallett, William - Fisherman
Haskins, George - Fisherman
Helleway, Charles - Planter
House, Peter - Merchant
Howell, Henry - Fisherman
Howell, James - Fisherman
James, James - Planter
Jeans, George - Fisherman
Jeans, Henry - Fisherman
Jeans, Robert - Planter
Jeans, Thomas - Fisherman
Jeans, William - Fisherman
Kents, Job - Fisherman
Keane, Benjamin - Fisherman
Keane, William - Merchant
King, George - Planter
Knee, Benjamin - Fisherman
Knee, George - Planter
Knee, James - Fisherman
Knee, John, jr - Fisherman
Knee, John, sr - Planter
Knee, Peter - Fisherman
Knee, Philip - Fisherman
Knee, Philip, sr - Fisherman
Knee, William - Planter
Parsons, William - Fisherman
Pope, John - Fisherman
Preston, Jacob - Fisherman
Rogers, James - Fisherman
Scott, William - Planter
Sheppard, James - Fisherman
Sheppard, John - Fisherman
Sheppard, William - Fisherman
Spurrell, John - Fisherman
Spurrell, Robert - Planter
Spurrell, Samuel - Fisherman
Spurrell, William - Planter
Stoke, Francis - Fisherman
White, George - Fisherman
Winter, David - Fisherman
Winter, James, jr. - Fisherman
Winter, James, sr.
Winter, John - Fisherman
Facts
1880s outport road board commissioners for Pool’s Island were House, Knee, Davis, and King
The way officer for Pool’s Island in the 1880s was Peter House
Philip Knee was the ferryman in Pool’s Island in the 1890s
Sealing steamer captain Benjamin Kean was born on Pool’s Island, some of his steamers were the Greenland in 1877, and Hector in 1889.
Pool’s Island lost five men in the Greenland Disaster of 1898 under Captain George Barbour. They were: Benjamin Browne, James Howell, William Kelloway, Joseph Osmond, and Thomas White.
References
^Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador
^ Naboth Winsor, The Church Between the Tickles: a history of St. James Anglican Church, Pool’s Island, Bonavista Bay, Newfoundland, 1988.
^ Naboth Winsor, The Church Between the Tickles, 1988.
^ C.W. Prowse, A History of Newfoundland, 1895.
^ Levi Chafe, Chafe’s Sealing Books a statistical record of the Newfoundland steamer seal fishery, 1863-1941, edited by Shannon Ryan, 1989.
^ ab Naboth Winsor, Stalwart Men and Sturdy Ships, 1985.
^ Thomas Hutchinson, Hutchinson’s Newfoundland Directory, 1864.
^ J. Lovell, Lovell’s Newfoundland Directory, 1871.
^Newfoundland Almanac
^ Shannon Ryan, Ice Hunters, 1994.
External links
Search directories, census, births, marriages, government records, and much more
The Greenspond Historical Society
Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pool%27s_Island,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador”
Categories: Coastal settlements in Canada | Settlements in Newfoundland and LabradorHidden categories: Canada articles missing geocoordinate data | All articles needing coordinates
Views
Article
Discussion
Edit this page
History
Personal tools
Try Beta
Log in / create account
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Interaction
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact Wikipedia
Donate to Wikipedia
Help
Toolbox
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Printable version
Permanent link
Cite this page
This page was last modified on 4 March 2009 at 03:48.
